Women as Change Agents: Money & Influence

By: Cat Rabenstine

On May 24, 2018, Northern Trust co-hosted an intimate panel conversation with the American Red Cross Tiffany Circle about the growing economic power and influence of women and the positive change we make in the world. The event featured moderator Marguerite H. Griffin and panelists Denise Barnett Gardner, Nancy Searle and Marty Wilke.

The statistics about women as philanthropic change agents are powerful. Women are expected to control two-thirds of private wealth by 2020 (MarketWatch, May 2017). In 2009, nine years ago, a Harvard Business Review Article stated, “Women now drive the world economy,” (Harvard Business Review, Sept 2009).

The influence comes not only from access to wealth but also how women choose to invest. Studies show that women give more, and do so with a socially conscious outlook.

In March 2018, The Economist stated that “84% of women said they were interested in “sustainable” investing, that is, targeting not just financial returns but social or environmental goals.”

According to Debra Mesch, the director of the Women’s Philanthropy Institute at Indiana University’s Lilly School of Philanthropy, in an interview with Make it Better, “In the top 25 percent of combined income and assets, women give 156 percent more than men.”

“Every woman up here uses her superpowers for good,” said Marguerite Griffin to open the panel conversation. And it’s true. The panelists created change by combining their economic power with their talents and drive for change to create an exponential impact in our communities.

Marty Wilke, recently retired general manager of CBS 2 Chicago said, “We had the recession, we had the newly introduced iPhone, Facebook had just hit their 1 million mark. In that ten-year experience of mine in running two news organizations, I was a product of change that was coming at me from every angle.” Resistance to change comes out of fear, said Marty, but when done right, it is incredibly rewarding.

Women continue to gain an influence and make an impact.

“[It is] Important to know the change you want to accomplish and really own that change,” said Nancy Searle, who raised $60 million dollars in a year to open new schools in Chicago. “It was just an idea that I had that got us going.” Nancy looks at the intersection of her passions and values to determine which organizations to support with her time and talent.

A real turning point for many individual donors, was when Warren Buffet decided to donate to other foundations and organizations rather than starting his own. But, the collaborative nature of philanthropy is complex and full of opportunity. “You have to have thriving nonprofits to have a really thriving city,” said Denise, who hopes over the next twenty years to continue to develop ideas that will have an impact even if she’s not the one leading them.

Women are giving back with their treasure, but also their time, talents and their “turn-up” – their ability to get other people to turn up to support a cause.

As women philanthropists look to the next generation of change makers, they watch millennials constantly asking, “What are we doing to change and influence the world?” As Nancy said, we’ve seen “the power of one,” – the ability for one voice on social media to mobilize thousands more voices toward change.

Thank you to Northern Trust and the Tiffany Circle for co-hosting this incredibly meaningful conversation filled with an abundance of wisdom and advice for fellow women philanthropists. Keep your eye on what your end game is. Take a step back and take another look at what’s going on from a new angle. And, build consensus and plan for change.

Read the original article on the American Red Cross of Chicago & Northern Illinois blog.

Migrants in Disaster Risk Reduction

International Organization for Migration publication, “Migrants in Disaster Risk Reduction Practices for Inclusion.” July 2017. Chapter: Migrants in Disaster Risk Reduction: American Red Cross of Chicago and Northern Illinois

By: Cat Rabenstine

The work of the American Red Cross of Chicago and Northern Illinois is rooted in the preparedness, response and recovery of communities affected by disasters as geographically vast as tornadoes and as isolated as home fires. The mission is carried out by a workforce of whom 90 per cent are volunteers who see a need in their community and who are driven to respond. The most common disaster response in this region is to home fires. By definition of who is doing the work (local community members) and how it’s done (on the ground), the work is localized.

Though it may be the largest humanitarian organization in the world, the Red Cross is grass-roots in its service delivery. The Red Cross is everywhere — in elementary school classrooms teaching children how to practice fire drills at home, going door-to-door to install smoke alarms in homes with volunteers speaking the language of the residents, and at the sites of home fires, assisting families with their immediate needs during a dark moment.

The Red Cross is committed to the resiliency of all communities in the face of disaster, in particular vulnerable migrants. Therefore, addressing the needs of migrants is woven into each aspect of the organization’s service delivery.

Read full article, “Migrants in Disaster Risk Reduction: American Red Cross of Chicago and Northern Illinois”
 

Northern Illinois Woman Saves Life With CPR, Receives American Red Cross 2018 Good Samaritan Hero Award

Published on Make it Better, April 2018

By: Cat Rabenstine

Kate Dzierzanowski, a client retention specialist for Knox Insurance Agency in St. Charles, remembers looking at the clock on Nov. 6, 2017, at 4:45 p.m. while at work. She thought the day was winding down. Then, she heard a loud noise and looked out the window to see a car had run into the guardrail right outside her office. She immediately leapt into action.

She screamed “Call 911” to her colleague and ran outside to the car. She saw smoke in the vehicle and, having never experienced an accident like this before, wasn’t sure if the car was on fire and possibly about to explode. This fear didn’t deter her from intervening.

She went to the passenger side and yelled, “Turn off the car,” which was still running. When she got no response, she ran to the driver’s side, facing traffic, and tried to get the driver’s attention. She was determined to get him out of the car. He was still unresponsive so she tried to hail help from drivers passing by. She said she was almost in tears at this point, she was so scared. Two people pulled over and one of them checked the driver’s pulse. When they realized he had no pulse, they quickly lifted him out of the car. Someone yelled, “Who knows CPR?” Dzierzanowski responded, “I do.” She started compressions on the spot. She said, “I remember thinking to just keep going until something happens.”

Dzierzanowski knew exactly what to do because, in December 2015, the former owners of the insurance agency where she works closed the office for a day to have the entire staff certified in CPR. At the time, she thought, “I have so much to do, I will never use this.” Two years later, her CPR instructor called Dzierzanowski and told her how proud she was after reading the story of her life-saving actions in the news.

As Dzierzanowski looks back on that November day, she said she remembers flashing lights, her hands on the driver’s chest, and watching his mouth to see if it was moving. Help arrived in less than 15 minutes and the man was taken to the hospital. He survived the crash thanks to her bravery and quick thinking.

Dzierzanowski says that she and one of her coworkers often look out the window at the street where the accident happened and ask each other, “Did that really happen?” It seems surreal now. Dzierzanowski believes it’s what anyone would do. “I don’t feel like I’m a hero,” she says. “I feel like I did what was right at the moment and I think anyone would have done what I did if they had been in that situation.”

The Good Samaritan Award is presented to an outstanding individual(s) who courageously and selflessly responded to an unusual, significant, or unexpected crisis.

http://makeitbetter.net/sponsored/woman-saves-life-receives-red-cross-good-samaritan-hero-award/

Multimedia Samples

On Air Interviews:

Cat Rabenstine as spokesperson for the American Red Cross of Chicago & Northern Illinois after flooding hit Naplate and Ottawa, Illinois. Live Phoner with Fox Chicago – July 13, 2017

Videography Samples – Recorded and edited by Cat Rabenstine

 

Production | Edited by Cat Rabenstine

Sample of photography | Headshot for Chicago Athlete

Quoted Interviews:

‘Hats for Houston’: Elmwood Park school embraces opportunity to help

Dog woke man who warned residents about massive Woodstock apartment fire

“The American Red Cross responded and provided toiletries and comfort items to the displaced residents. They were providing lodging to 43 people from 32 units, 20 to 25 of which were destroyed, said Catherine Rabenstine, a spokeswoman for the American Red Cross of Chicago and Northern Illinois.

‘In this case I think we provided people with financial assistance to find a hotel to ensure that they have a warm, comfortable place to stay tonight and for a couple days,” Rabenstine said. “We provide assistance families need to meet their immediate needs when they’ve lost everything.’

Rabenstine also said the group brought in breakfast and lunch for the residents and for emergency crews. Firefighters were at the location through Saturday afternoon.”

Read the full article here.

Family appeals for donations for themselves and neighbors after fire destroys homes

Ashley Sellars cried as she stood outside her grandmother’s Austin home and watched 40 years of memories go up in flames.

The fire started in an apartment building down the block Dec. 3 and spread to two other houses. As firefighters rushed around her, Sellars thought about all the family dinners her grandmother had hosted every Sunday.

By the time the fire was out, the brick home Sellars knew as the family fortress was gutted. All their belongings were gone.

Sellars’ 90-year-old grandmother, known in the neighborhood as Mrs. Bailey, bought the building with her late husband. As devastating as the fire was, Sellars said her grandmother embraced her family and assured them that things would be alright.

“She told me she hasn’t cried yet and I’m trying to follow her lead, but it isn’t easy,” Sellars said this week.

While searching for anything that was salvageable, Sellars said she saw her next-door neighbor sifting through ashes of her home. “She was outside crying and rummaging through her baby’s burned items,” Sellars said.

The baby is about 6 months old, and the neighbor also has a 6-year-old daughter, Sellars said.

She said she and her family decided to appeal for help for her as well. They have started a GoFundMe page asking for cash donations and contributions of shoes, clothes and whatever else people might need to put their lives back together.

“We are asking not only for ourselves but also for the occupants of the house next door,” the Sellars family says on the GoFundMe page. “We need any donations.”

For now, the displaced family is being given temporary shelter with the help of the American Red Cross.  “The Red Cross came and after I talked to one of their workers I found out that this happens to several people during this time of year,” Sellars said.

She said the ordeal has been especially tough for her 36-year-old brother Brandon who has autism.  “Autistic people need consistency,” Sellars said. “Things have to be in the same place and you can’t change their routine suddenly. This is really difficult for him.”

Catherine Rabenstine, a spokeswoman for the American Red Cross of Chicago and Northern Illinois, said a fire in the home is the biggest threat to families. The agency responds to three to four fires a daily throughout the year, she said.

In Chicago and northern Illinois, the Red Cross has responded to about 69 home fires so far during the month of December, Rabenstine said.

Most home fires can be prevented with regular upkeep and use of smoke alarms, she said.

In the the case of the fire that destroyed the Bailey home, Fire Department officials said the extra-alarm fire was being investigated as possible arson.

Neighbors have speculated the fire may have been set by a squatter in the apartment building.  Community members had been trying to get it boarded up because squatters had been living there for the past couple of years, neighbors said.

On the GoFundMe page, the Sellars family asks for donations of shoes, coats and winter accessories and said they can be dropped off at the following locations:

— First Corinthian Baptist, 922 South Keeler Ave.

— Chicago International Christen Church, 211 South Laflin St.

— Clara’s House, 650 W. 63rd St.

— Whitney Young High School, 211 S. Laflin St.

“There’s always a blessing in the storm,” Sellars said. “I’m glad everyone made it through unharmed. Possessions can be replaced but life can’t.”

http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-family-appeals-for-donations-for-themselves-and-neighbors-after-fire-destroys-homes-20161216-story.html

Red Cross helps residents of Oswego Township apartment fire

Local and regional organizations are assisting the victims of a Nov. 6 apartment building fire that displaced 24 families in unincorporated Oswego Township.

The apartment building is located in the Shore Heights Village apartment complex off Light Road, immediately east of Augusta Road.

Catherine Rabenstine, a spokesperson for the American Red Cross of Chicago and Northern Illinois, said Tuesday that the Red Cross provided victims with “assistance with food, lodging and other immediate needs.”

“We go right to the scene of the emergency and open individual cases for families so we can help walk people through their immediate needs and provide resources,” Rabenstine said. “In this case, we also opened a reception center, where families could come for Red Cross resources the day the home fire took place.”

The Kendall County Community Food Pantry and the St. Vincent de Paul organization also offered assistance, Rabenstine said.

Rabenstine said the Oswego community has united in the aftermath of the fire.

“Responding to disasters like a home fire is a community effort and the Oswego community truly has come together to make sure the people affected have what they need,” she said.

Rabenstine recommended people who want to help visit redcross.org and make a financial donation, schedule an appointment to donate blood or apply to be a Red Cross volunteer.

Oswego Fire Protection District Assistant Fire Chief John Cornish said Tuesday that most of the damage caused by the fire was contained inside the two-story 24-unit apartment building. The building was constructed in 1972, according to Kendall County property records.

Cornish said the fire started in the wall of an upstairs apartment where a maintenance worker, who had been working on a pipe, and a resident unsuccessfully attempted to put it out before calling the fire department.

“The fire spread up the wall and into the attic,” Cornish said.

The fire caused extensive damage to four upstairs apartments, while the downstairs units experienced water damage, according to Cornish.

“There was smoke damage throughout the building,” he noted.

Cornish said firefighters were summoned to the blaze at 10:36 a.m. and remained at the scene until 2:30 p.m.

No residents or firefighters were injured, he said.

Brian Holdiman, Kendall County’s building code official, said Tuesday that he deemed the apartment building uninhabitable after inspecting it Tuesday morning. He said he spoke with representatives of the management company for the complex, and that the company is having a contractor and the insurance company evaluate the building on Wednesday.

“I would assume that they can rebuild the structure, but I won’t know for sure until I got those reports from the contractor,” Holdiman said.

The units at the ends of the building suffered the least damage, Holdiman said.

“There’s not a lot of smoke damage or water damage in the end units,” he said.

However, Holdiman said another question mark is the electrical system in the building, as well as the HVAC system, and he wants those looked at before he deems it safe to turn the power on in the building.

“Until we have those systems evaluated, I don’t feel safe letting anybody turn the power back on,” he said.

After the building is evaluated, and it’s deemed safe, the building officials “most likely” may allow residents to occupy the end units, he said.

John Etheredge contributed to this story

http://www.kendallcountynow.com/2017/11/07/red-cross-helps-residents-of-oswego-township-apartment-fire/ahr7d81/

Red Cross Monitoring Airports and Ports of Entry

Executive Order on Immigration and Impact on Travelers

On Friday, January 27, 2017, President Trump issued an executive order on immigration indefinitely barring refugees from entering the United States, suspending all refugee admissions for 120 days, and blocking citizens of seven countries, refugees or otherwise, from entering the United States for 90 days: Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen. As a consequence of the order, some travelers to the United States were stopped at airports in the United States and abroad.

American Red Cross Response

The American Red Cross is monitoring conditions at airports and ports of entry in collaboration with local emergency management officials in order to assess the need for food and canteen services for stranded travelers and detainees affected by the executive order. Health, mental health, and spiritual care services are also at-the-ready.

“Our fundamental principles guide us to prevent and alleviate human suffering wherever it may be found,” said Celena Roldan, CEO of the American Red Cross of Chicago & Northern Illinois. “We are working with local officials to continue to monitor the situation. First and foremost, we are a humanitarian services organization, dedicated to the inclusion of and aid to all people.”

The Red Cross is also prepared to utilize the Reconnecting Family Links (RFL) program for detainees, stranded travelers and families that have been separated internationally.

Read the full article:

Red Cross Monitoring Airports and Ports of Entry

Resume

American Red Cross of Illinois

Interim Regional Executive, October 2024 – February 2025

Selected to be Interim RE of the second largest region of the American Red Cross, serving 88 counties and more than 1225 million people in 5 chapters.

  • ABC7 Great Chicago Blood Drive collected 2,804 units and the CBS2 Telethon raised $3.9 million.
  • Fostered a culture of inclusivity and collaboration.
  • Maintained and supported a strong board.

American Red Cross of Illinois

Chief Operating Officer, Chicago, IL, 8/2018 – Present

  • Provides strategic leadership, board and relationship management by facilitating two key Greater Chicago Board of Directors committees: Diversity, Equity & Inclusion, and Biomedical Services.
  • Managed five Chapter Executive Directors through a complex territory realignment, ensuring seamless transitions and sustained performance.
  • Serves as Chief of Staff to the CEO to establish and drive accomplishment of regional goals and strategies, including Regional Leadership Team accountability and organization.
  • Performs forecasting and manages fiscally responsible budgeting decisions and planning for a $12.3M regional budget.
  • Leads and motivates the work of a 10-person operations team. Created systems and processes for workflow management that other Regions have adopted. Asked to join a working group to rewrite the national Emergency Action Plan.
  • Deployed as Chief of Staff for the Louisiana Hurricane response in September 2021 and managed complex conflict resolutions with the National Guard as well as the Baton Rouge police department.
  • Served as Interim Chief Operating Officer for the Indiana Region in 2024, leading successful completion of the Facilities Refresh Project and FY25 Budgeting Process across both Indiana and Illinois Regions.
  • Instrumental in steering the creation and implementation of Embark, the innovative North Central Division professional development program.
  • Spearheaded comprehensive COVID-19 risk management strategies, ensuring the safety and well-being of Red Crossers and blood donors while maintaining operational continuity.

American Red Cross of Chicago & Northern Illinois

Regional Marketing Programs Manager, Chicago, IL, 8/2016 – 8/2018

  • Contributed to strategic direction and fundraising success of Heroes Breakfast, including writing the script and interviewing Heroes for the impactful videos.
  • Led the Employee Giving Campaign, infusing a culture of philanthropy among staff members.
  • Trained as a media spokesperson, serving as key voice for the organization in on-air interviews: Sound the Alarm; Hurricane Harvey.
  • Developed and implemented communications strategies in the third largest media market for the American Red Cross. Produced written, video and social media content.

Kinship Foundation

Communications Associate, Chicago, IL, 1/2012 – 8/2016

  • Established marketing and communication strategies, including a crisis communication strategy for a leadership transition within the first quarter of employment, social media and community management
  • Coordinated complex events (Kinship Fellows: $47.5K budget; Searle Scholars: $100K budget) attended by high-level stakeholders and valued clients, including supervising a summer assistant during the month-long training program in Bellingham, Washington
  • Responsible for budgets throughout a project’s life cycle including: negotiating and executing vendor contracts, tracking ongoing program purchasing in real time, reporting project budget to actuals, and providing estimates for future planning
  • Designed layouts for Foundation-generated reports, hard copy collateral, and web ads including the Annual Report and Kinship Conservation Fellows recruitment campaign

Various NGOs and communities

Communications Consultant, Palestinian Territories, 7/2010 – 6/2011

Completed MSJ and relocated to the West Bank for one year of storytelling, workshop facilitation, and community building.

  • Lived and worked autonomously in three West Bank towns, establishing new local relationships and contacts each time.
  • Taught video and radio journalism courses at An Najah University and refugee camps, created websites and media strategies, produced videos in collaboration with community members. Samples: Introduction to CPT Palestine; Local Farmer discusses life in Iraq Burin.

Cara Chicago

Career Resource Manager & Volunteer Manager, Chicago, IL, 10/07 – 5/09

  • Supervised 50+ volunteers and an intern; recruited for and facilitated monthly trainings for new volunteers
  • Taught classes for adult learners and coordinated department monthly training schedule
  • Empowered students by redesigning curriculum to establish a student-led portfolio creation process

Evangelical Lutheran Church of America

Young Adult Volunteer, Kerala, India, 8/06 – 7/07

  • Taught Spoken English and created/facilitated need-based workshops in village of Mavelikara
  • Edited publications for local economics-focused non-profit, Vichara, and maintained blog
  • Lived in community with teachers and students associated with a local college in a small, rural town

John Felice Rome Center

Service Learning/Study Trips Coordinator, Rome, Italy, 8/04 – 7/06

  • Supported service-learning volunteer program and organized/chaperoned 8+ study trips annually in Italy, Africa, The Balkans, the Torino Olympics and Northern Ireland. Volunteered at the Jesuit Refugee Service in Vatican City. Interned at McDermott, Will & Emory
  • Teacher’s Assistant for Human Rights in Rome course

EDUCATION

Medill Northwestern University, 2010

Masters of Science in Journalism

Business Reporting & Interactive Storytelling concentration

Editor-in-Chief of Medill Innovation Project

Loyola University Chicago, 2004

Bachelors of Arts in English, minor in Peace Studies

Gannon Scholars Woman Leader Award, 2004

APPOINTMENTS AND PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS

  • Leadership Greater Chicago Fellow, 2025

  • Chicago Foundation for Women West Side Giving Circle Member, 2024 Grant Cycle

  • COO Forum Steering Committee Member, 2022 – 2024

  • FBI Chicago Citizen’s Academy Graduate, 2022

  • Inclusive Leadership Compass Accredited Coach, 2022 – Present

  • Public Narrative Board Treasurer, 2020 – 2021

  • Young Nonprofit Professionals Network Leadership Institute Fellow, 2015

  • One Million Degrees Coach, 2016 – 2020, 2023 and Associate Board Member, 2016-2017

  • Palestine/Israel Delegate – Interviewed and met with Palestinian and Israeli organizations to learn about the conflict; facilitated by the Christian Peacemaker Teams. Israel & Palestine, March 2009.

  • Jesuit Refugee Services International Office – Edited the three main publications of the international office. Vatican City – 2007-2008.

  • McDermott, Will & Emory Law Firm Intern Edited documents, including honing language in translated documents (legal and administrative) for attorneys. Rome, Italy – Fall 2006.

  • Youth Organizing Institute, Discussion Leader Facilitated reflection groups among Eastern European youth activists and community organizers at an annual conference sponsored by The University of Bologna. Vukovar, Croatia – October 2004

THOUGHT LEADERSHIP HIGHLIGHTS

  • Co-Facilitated “What Do Pizza and Saving Lives Have in Common,” a presentation on psychological safety for the Chicago Chapter of COO Forum with Nick Sarillo, September 2024.
  • 3 Hard Leadership Skills That Pay Off Forever Breakout Session Facilitator for Red Cross North Central Division Meeting, May 2024.
  • Facilitated Building Trust through Psychological Safety for the Greater New York STAR program in May 2024, the Minnesota-Dakotas All Staff in April 2024 and for the NC Division Leadership Team in February 2024.
  • Facilitated Calling Out Non-Inclusive Behaviors in a Productive and Effective Way for Jennifer Warga’s Consumer Marketing & Fundraising Team, November 2023.
  • Guest Panelist for MPS 508 – Introduction to Nonprofit Management taught by Lisa Dietlin at DePaul University annually since 2020.
  • Wrote “Migrants in Disaster Risk Reduction: American Red Cross of Chicago and Northern Illinois,” Published in 2017 by the International Organization for Migration.

 

 

FEATURE STORY: Why don’t big Chicago companies use the bankruptcy court here?

View Out of State Bankruptcy in a larger map

Out of seven companies with headquarters in Chicago that filed for bankruptcy protection in 2009, six of them, including Merisant Worldwide Inc., Sun-Times Media Group Inc., General Growth Properties Inc. and Tribune Co., filed elsewhere, seeking to gain an advantage that favors the company.

Companies may choose to file for bankruptcy protection where they are headquartered, where they are incorporated or where they have operations.  According to experts, this permits what lawyers call “forum shopping,” the practice of choosing a court believed to be more hospitable to your case.

“The companies won’t admit it, but it is forum shopping,” declared Sumner Bourne, chair of the Commercial Banking and Bankruptcy Section of the Illinois State Bar Association. “It’s not a stretch to say Delaware is more corporate friendly.” Three of the four Chicago companies filed there.

“I think it’s clearly forum shopping,” agreed Ronald Barliant, chair of the Bankruptcy and Reorganization Committee of the Chicago Bar Association. “They are taking advantage of the provisions in the law that allow filings other than where the business is. “They’re definitely choosing between alternative forums.”

The practice flies in the face of the “fine professional reputations of the judges of the Chicago court, which serves the Northern District of Illinois, and of the sizable contingent of experienced bankruptcy lawyers here.” Barliant said, “I’ve practiced all over the country. Chicago bankruptcy bar is the best in the country.”

On a mid-sized case, Barliant added, “a Chicago company filing outside Chicago adds hundreds of thousands of dollars to each case.”

So why do big companies here perceive an advantage in going to Delaware or New York, where General Growth filed?

Bankruptcy experts attribute the trend to a federal appeals court decision after the big Kmart Co. bankruptcy case here in 2002.

A Chicago bankruptcy judge allowed the big retail chain, in settling with its creditors, to give payment priority to critical vendors, certain suppliers deemed vital to the company’s future but considered unwilling to do business with a customer that hadn’t been paying its bills.

Capital Factors Inc., a Kmart unsecured creditor that was not deemed critical, appealed this decision.  In 2004, a three-judge panel of the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals, housed in the same Dirksen Federal Building as the Bankruptcy Court, ruled that there was insufficient proof that it was necessary to prefer the critical vendors, and therefore Kmart should not have been permitted to do so.

Kmart was required to recover payments already made to critical vendors in order to pay all unsecured creditors more equitably, in accordance with the appellate court ruling, which does not apply beyond the four-state Seventh Circuit.

Lawyers say the ruling doesn’t mean that critical vendors cannot be preferred in the Chicago Bankruptcy Court. Barliant declared, anyone that looks at the issues and understands that issue knows it’s still possible to pay critical vendors. It’s just a question of doing it the proper way.

However, Barliant explained, “some debtors avoid the district [Northern District of Illinois] because of a misunderstanding of this. For others it’s an advantage because they have an excuse not to pay their critical vendors.”

Barliant argues that the single most important factor in this forum shopping is whether the interpretation of federal bankruptcy law in the filing state is favorable to what the company wants to do in the case.

Critical vendor law is an example of how two courts interpret the law differently, said Bourne.

“Though companies still may favor critical vendors in the Northern District of Illinois, the type of evidence [required here] is not something you can do quickly,” Bourne went on.  But in Delaware, he said, “there’s a lot of discretion for the debtor. The debtor doesn’t have to come up with much reasoning at all.”

Lynn M. LoPucki, a bankruptcy expert currently teaching at Harvard Law School, believes the bankruptcy courts have been corrupted by competition for big cases.

He said in an interview, “the Chicago judges initially thought they could compete, but competition requires a willingness to ignore the law and put a thumb on the scale for the lawyers, managers and DIP [Debtor in Possession] lenders who bring cases to the court.  I think that after Kmart, the Chicago judges simply realized that they were not willing to do what it took to compete.”

Since 2004, 11 out of 13 big Chicago-based companies headquartered in Chicago that filed for bankruptcy protection chose New York or Delaware. The two that filed in Chicago were the smallest of the lot, with fewer employees and lower revenues.

In May, LoPucki told the House Judiciary Committee that the Delaware and New York bankruptcy courts must be doing something to attract 70 percent of all bankruptcy cases filed under Chapter 11, which provides for corporate reorganization, usually meaning reduction of debt enabling the company to continue operating.

The result, he testified, is that Chapter 11 is evolving a bias, a bias that is in favor of the people who control the choice of the court: the managers of the company, the professionals who represent the company, and whoever finances the bankruptcy. But every bias in favor of someone is a bias against someone else. And the people on the other side of this bias are the creditors, the suppliers, the employees, the landlords, the tax authorities, the dealers, the communities, literally hundreds of thousands of people. It is not a level playing field for the rest, LoPucki averred.

Chicago companies provided watery responses when asked why they filed outside the Northern District of Illinois.

Gary Weitman, senior vice president of corporate relations of Tribune Co. said, “This wasn’t a difficult decision and involved no deliberation. Tribune Company is incorporated in Delaware, hence any filing has to be done there.” In fact, that’s not a requirement of bankruptcy law. Kmart was not incorporated in Illinois.

Tammy Chase, director of corporate communications for Sun-Times Media Holdings LLC, said of the company’s Delaware filing, “Judges are experienced, the courts are experienced.  You know you’re going to get a judge that knows that law.” Chase expects the process will be smooth and expeditious in Delaware.

Merisant spokeswoman Katie Wood said, “The debtors in possession [companies in bankruptcy] are all based in Delaware. The judges are specialists in this area.”

Jim Graham, a spokesman for General Growth Properties, said, “Most companies that file bankruptcy have a number of choices for where they can file bankruptcy. In making a determination, many factors are considered, including but not limited to, the business of the company, the legal issues that need to be addressed in the bankruptcy, the existing bankruptcy law in the various jurisdictions, the expertise of the judges in the various courts, and the location of the parties involved. These factors, and others, lead companies to choose Delaware, New York and other jurisdictions for filing.  He did not specify which factors led General Growth Properties to file in New York.

I’m sure the debtor would give a canned response,” commented Bourne of the Illinois State Bar Association, “because they don’t want to make it look like they’re forum shopping. At the same time,” he acknowledged, “they can make a choice.”

Many companies incorporate in Delaware because its law is known for being corporation-friendly and it has a well-respected court system experienced in handling business disputes.

To Kenneth Ayotte, associate professor of law at Northwestern University, the bankruptcy-filing trend is “most likely a case of forum shopping for expertise. A minor screwup can kill off the firm.

However, he added, Chicago has dealt with these cases. I’m not really sure why it’s happening now.

The big global, theoretical problem with it is that it distorts the legal system, said Barliant. “In every other area of law we require cases be decided in the location where they have some connection other than just the filing of articles of incorporation. It’s inconsistent with all other areas other than patent cases. Even in patent cases any district court can hear them.  We just don’t do this with any other area of American law.

FEATURE STORY: Sears Holdings Corp. struggles to compete and lacks concise strategy

In the midst of the holiday shopping season during a recession, Sears Holdings Corp. is plodding along compared with other retailers.

Analysts say more cost-cutting looms if Sears fails to solidify a competitive strategy.

William Dreher of Deutsche Bank AG said Sears has made progress with Internet sales, but “unless they start selling thousands of stores, they’re going to have to figure out something to do with them. The survival and success of their stores cannot be accomplished through the Internet alone.”

Sears Holdings operates Kmart and Sears stores domestically and in Canada, with 324,000 full-time employees.

In the year ended January 2009, Sear’s same-store sales were down 11 percent, after declines of 4.5 percent and 3.1 percent in the preceding two years.

Gross margins, which improved in 2004 following Sears’ merger with Kmart, have since been stagnant between 23.36 and 28.66 percent, ahead of low-margin Wal-Mart Stores Inc. but not competitive with other large retailers.

According to Tom Aiello, division vice president of public relations, Sears is focusing on innovative Internet sales strategies, including the ability to buy products, from small items to large Craftsman tractors, via smartphone using the Sears2Go application.

In a press release Dec. 8, Sears announced that it was ranked third by Experian Hitwise in overall Web traffic for a multichannel store retailer for the week ended Nov. 28, 2009, which included Black Friday, the big shopping day after Thanksgiving.

So customers are visiting Sears’ site, but are they buying?

Revenue decreased to $10.2 billion in the third quarter ended Oct. 31 from $10.7 billion in the year-earlier quarter, a decrease of 4.4 percent, still beating analyst expectations.

Sears net loss in the third quarter narrowed to $127 million, or $1.09 per diluted share, compared with a net loss of $146 million, or $1.16 per diluted share in the same quarter a year prior.

“Sears is a strange one because they really don’t communicate,” said Dreher.

“Their strategy is not traditional. They make little to no effort to communicate what that strategy is,” he continued. Dreher noted that Sears is buying back shares, focusing on expanding its margin, and playing with store prototypes such as mygofer.com, where customers order products online and pick them up at a warehouse.

What Sears is not doing, said Dreher, is bringing in new brands and exciting products, making investments and solidifying a permanent CEO–all signs that Sears is stagnant, in his view.

The lack of new brands “leads us to the conclusion that brands don’t want to do business with Sears,” said Dreher, who believes chairman Edward Lampert might be moving towards taking the company private.

They seem to be all focused around assets and not around operations,” said Dreher.

What Sears might do, analysts suggest, is eliminate stores that are under-performing and solidify a strategy to differentiate itself from competitors like Wal-Mart Stores Inc. and Target Corp.

“Everyone recognizes Sears as a turnaround,” acknowledged Tom Aiello, division vice president of public relations. There are things we’re doing that are unique and customer-driven that we believe are the right things to do in the market.”

Kim Picciola, analyst for Morningstar Inc., believes Sears will continue to experiment with things like online shopping and new kinds of promotions and services like lay-away. Also, Sears will continue to try to leverage its Kmart stores base, said Picciola.

However, she added, I don’t think they have the formula figured out quite yet and they’ll continue to work on it. It’s going to be an uphill battle. I think it’s very hard to compete with Wal-Mart on price so Kmart really needs to have something that differentiates them in consumers minds.”

According to Ayat Shukairy, managing partner of Invesp Consulting, “Sears.com has gone through a number of changes throughout the years, but increasingly they are trying to position themselves as a retailer that is the one-stop shop for all the family needs. Although Target and Wal-Mart still provide the grocery element, Sears has also carved the niche of providing large appliances in addition to toys, clothing, electronics, etc. That’s a big distinction that sets the companies apart.”

Sears began its holiday sales much earlier than other retailers, starting after Halloween.  “Black Friday was a very positive day,” said Aiello, with very strong customer traffic.”

Picciola said, “It’s going to be a difficult holiday for them. Retailers are being very competitive on price and consumers are responding to promotional activity. That will be a challenge for Sears over the next month or so.”

Customers are as undecided on Sears as the analysts are.

“We grew up on Sears,” said Daphne Bennett during a shopping trip to Sears on State Street. Sears has been around, I think they’re gonna stay around.”

Another shopper, Gail Katz said, It’s expanded, it’s not a mom and pop shop anymore.” Katz says she usually finds good deals at Sears, particularly when it has sales and specials, but worries how the store will do given the economy.

While customers like Bennett and Katz find the appeal of Sears in its history, other customers, like Larry Simmons, find the prices too high or do not find what they need at Sears. Simmons said he believes the prices have increased through the years and chooses to shop elsewhere.

Picciola said, “When it comes to Sears, some of their hard-line brands still have strength.” With the merger of Kmart and Sears, the company routed some of its reputable brands, like Kenmore appliances, to off-mall Kmart stores.

Analysts surveyed by Yahoo Finance have mixed recommendations. Three rate the stock buy or outperform, three rate it sell or underperform, and one rates it hold or neutral.

Analysts polled by Zacks Investment Research estimate earnings of $1.27 per diluted share for the current year ending in January, but look for $1.60 per share next year.

Sears trades around $71, compared with a 52-week high of $79.75 and a 52-week low of $34.27.

FEATURE STORY: Long-time Illinois manufacturer avoided bankruptcy

It was an American success story, until the family divided.

Max Gerber immigrated to Chicago from Poland in the early 1900s. Though without a plumbing background, he took a leap and started a plumbing distribution business in 1929 called simply Max Gerber. In 1932 he opened his first factory in Kokomo, Ind. His company, now called Gerber Plumbing Fixtures LLC, was expanding quickly. A few years later he bought a company that he moved to Delphi, Ind., a third business in Woodridge, N.J., and a fourth in Alabama.

When Max Gerber died in 1953 at 56 years old, his family inherited an extraordinarily successful business. Harriett Lewis, Max’s daughter, ran the company until her death at age 84 in 2001. Ila Lewis, her daughter, then took over, relinquishing her role in 2008.

Lewis says the “beginning of the end” was in 1999. The family received a $75 million offer for the business but refused it. Some family members decided they wanted out of the business, so the company bought them out for $30 million. This buy-out required the company to borrow $15 million from its bank.

“When a company spends a lot of money it should be for the benefit of the company, but it put the company in tremendous debt,” Lewis said.

In 2002, Gerber was well known as a trusted distributer to industry professionals. It focused on two business segments: vitreous china, 65 percent of sales, and brass faucets, 35 percent. Lewis said that, around this time, sales were between $111 million and $114 million, but profit was “an ever-moving factor.”

“That number [profit] looks great until you look at the balance sheet, and then it really doesn’t matter,” she said.

Burdened by debt, Gerber had to close a factory in New Jersey and lay off more than 150. The family was struggling while Gerber’s investment banker searched for an equity injection or a buyer.

Stanley Dreyfuss, director of purchasing at SG Supply Co. in Calumet Park, has been a distributer for Gerber for over 25 years. “I knew that there were some financial problems,” he said recently. “I didn’t know the extent of them. The Lewis family, it was their livelihood, it was their history, so they were doing everything they could to keep things happening.”

In 2003, Globe Union Group Inc., an international manufacturer of plumbing products headquartered in suburban Woodridge, purchased nearly all of Gerber’s assets, paid off its debts and retained many of the employees, investing more than $30 million over the next four years.

The buyout came just two weeks before Gerber was going to file for bankruptcy protection.

The president of Globe Union, Michael Werner said, “They didn’t know they were in trouble until after they were in trouble.”

Dreyfuss commented, “I think what they realized is that whatever level of financial problems they had were things that the new owner could help them with: an infusion of cash and ideas; and I think in the long run, it was the best thing for them.”

Globe Union closed the Delphi, Ind. factory and the Alabama pottery, opened a new factory in Laredo, Texas and moved most production to China. The Kokomo, Ind. plant was converted to a distribution center, until mid-2009, when it was closed.

Mitchall Rasky, turnaround team leader with The Private Bank and Trust Co. in Chicago, said that even after the buyout he felt anxious about the company’s hesitation to close factories, and believed that Werner left the Kokomo factory open about 18 months longer than he should have in a desperate attempt to preserve as many jobs as possible.

Under Globe Union, Gerber developed a three-fold strategy. It globalized the manufacturing to reduce costs and improve quality. It introduced over 800 new products, including its gravity-fed Lynx and Viper toilets, “High Efficiency Toilets” like the Avalanche, and hundreds of “green” water-saving faucets and toilets. In an August 2009 issue of Consumer Reports, two Gerber toilets were rated as “best values among top performers.” And finally, Gerber focused on helping its customers sell more by setting up more distribution centers and simplifying the ordering process.

Globe Union’s revenue was approximately $125 million in 2002 before it decided to take on foundering Gerber. Werner banked on two strengths of Gerber: its professional brand reputation and its customer list.

In 2009, Gerber’s sales will be a little over $100 million, with Globe Union’s total revenue exceeding $750 million. Though Werner did not provide exact numbers, he said Gerber’s sales grew nearly 20 percent and multi-million dollar profits were posted between 2003 and 2009.

Russell Atchetee is the kitchen and bath business unit manager at Coburn’s Supply in Texas a firm that has ordered Gerber toilets for over 40 years. Atchetee said Gerber could easily sell its products in “big box” stores like Home Depot or Lowe’s, but it supported the wholesaler instead. “Having done business for so long,” he said, “they become part of the household and you always assume they’re gonna be there. Their emphasis is still on the professional.”

“Like all manufacturers,” Atchetee continued, “they’ve had some production issues over the years. I think initially when they were purchased by Globe Union, they had quality issues, but they did address them.”

Globe Union is dealing with the recession with resilience and surprisingly, success. Kevin McJoynt, director of marketing at Globe Union said, “A depression is a terrible thing to waste.”

Gerber products are typically considered second to lines like Kohler. In this recession, more customers are buying Gerber because it is sold more cheaply to wholesalers, according to Werner. Distributers of Gerber products make more money on their sale and customers buy a product highly rated by Consumer Reports but less costly than the top-line brands.

Werner says 2009 will be Gerber’s most profitable year.

Gerber now has manufacturing facilities in Laredo, Texas, Shenzhen, China and Weifang, China and distribution centers in Bridgeton, N.J., Woodridge, Ill, City of Industry, Calif, Montreal, Canada and Weifang, China.

“Our goal was to take a company with a great heritage and to resurrect it, revive it, and we’ve done that,” said Werner.

Jack in the Box Inc.’s quarterly and annual profits rise

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Jack in the Box Inc.’s fourth quarter profit increased 51 percent, soaring above analyst expectations, but sales dropped and the company expressed caution about 2010. The stock dropped 7.6 percent.

The San-Diego based restaurant company that operates Jack in the Box and Qdoba Mexican Grill franchises, four of which are in Chicago, had net income of $40.6 million, or 70 cents per diluted share, in the quarter ended Sept. 27.  That compared with a net income of $26.9 million, or 47 cents per diluted share, in the same quarter of the prior year. The estimate by analysts polled by Yahoo Finance was 55 cents per diluted share.

Quarterly sales were $540.3 million compared with $582.7 million in the year-earlier quarter, a decrease of 7.3 percent.

In the fourth quarter Jack in the Box initiated two promotions, including offering two of its burgers for $1.00 each.  It continued its rebranding plan including menu innovation, enhanced facilities and improvements in guest service.

“We do know that we need to offer compelling value especially in this very competitive market place.  We want to offer value that doesn’t erode our margins.  It’s really about profitable sale,” said Linda A. Lang, Jack in the Box’s chief executive officer and chairman of the board, in a conference call.

Lang said of expanding the Qdoba business, “We don’t want to go into these retail centers without tenants being adjacent to us. When the economy improves, we will ramp up growth.”

R.J. Hottovy, an analyst with Morningstar Inc., said, “I’m pleased with the fourth quarter results. They did a good job navigating a tough environment. The thing that I liked was the reimaging program: revamping the interior and exterior of stores. This might have a meaningful benefit, maybe not next year but the year after.  I look at that as a positive.”

Jack in the Box expects earnings of $1.90 per diluted share to $2.10 per diluted share for the year ending in September 2010. Analysts polled by Yahoo Finance estimate earnings of $2.32 per diluted share, and sales of $2.44 billion.

Net income in the 52 weeks ended Sept. 27 was $118.4 million, or $2.05 per diluted share, compared with $119.3 million, or $2.01 per diluted share, in the year earlier. Revenue fell 2.7 percent to $2.47 billion from $2.54 billion.

Jack in the Box’s stock closed Thursday at $18.50, down $1.53.

Burr Oak Cemetery for sale

Read full article – Northwest Indiana Times

CHICAGO | In a bankruptcy court hearing Tuesday, Judge Pamela S. Hollis gave permission for Perpetua-Burr Oak Holdings of Illinois, L.L.C., owner of Burr Oak Cemetery in Alsip, to sell the cemetery that became infamous this summer for a grave desecration scandal.

Perpetua filed for bankruptcy protection in September in the wake of a criminal investigation. The company told Hollis it had hired American Cemetery/Mortuary Consultants Inc. as a consultant to assist in selling the cemetery.

Attorney Robert Fishman, of Shaw Gussis Fishman Glantz Wolfson, in Chicago, said Perpetua doesn’t yet know of any buyers but hired a consultant with expertise in cemeteries.

“All the pressure of the world is on us,” said Fishman during the hearing, when Paul J. Gaynor, chief of the Illinois attorney general’s Public Interest Division, expressed concern too much money is being spent on court costs.

Gaynor said he wants to ensure “as much as possible for victims. The state is concerned about people and families.”

Burr Oak Cemetery opened its gates at 9 a.m. Monday to more than 50 lawyers representing claimants in the grave desecration scandal. The cemetery has been closed to the public since the scandal broke this summer.

Attorney Larry Rogers Sr. of Chicago firm Power Rogers Smith, representing claimants, said the goal of opening up the cemetery for legal counsel was to provide the opportunity to locate family gravesites for his clients.

He lamented it was difficult to find anything useful because many graves are unmarked and a database being compiled by the sheriff’s office is not yet complete.

The cemetery has a primarily black clientele. Among prominent Chicagoans buried there are Emmett Till, Dinah Washington along with Negro League baseball players Jimmie Crutchfield and John Donaldson.

Bankruptcy filings on the rise

Chicago bankruptcy filings increased 38 percent in September from a year earlier. There is no sign of decline.

“I can only predict there’s more to come,” said Kenneth Gardner, clerk of the Northern District of Illinois Bankruptcy Court.

In September 4,302 cases were filed, compared with 3,121 a year earlier and only 1,884 cases in September 2007. Last month’s Chapter 11 filings, mostly used by corporations seeking to reorganize while protected from creditors, increased the most. There were 34 Chapter 11 filings in September 2009 compared with 14 in September 2008.

This jump could be attributed to the increasing number of individuals forced to utilize Chapter 11 bankruptcy because of their high income or large debt, a result of the 2005 amendments to the Bankruptcy Code. “I think this is going to continue until the recession runs its course,” said Chicago bankruptcy attorney Jay Fortier.

Chapter 13 filings by wage-earners, however, decreased to 992 in September from 1,052 in September 2008. In Chapter 7, liquidation, 3,152 cases were filed last month, compared with 2,055 a year earlier.

Bankruptcy filings peaked in 2005, in anticipation of the tighter restrictions on bankruptcy enacted that year. After a sharp decline in 2006, filings have increased each year at an annual rate of about 40 percent.

Kara Krystavel, public service team trainer at the Chicago Bankruptcy Court, said that on the last day of September alone, 481 new cases were filed.

Paul Bach, a bankruptcy attorney in Chicago, said there’s no simple answer for why there is an increase in bankruptcy filings, but he agreed with Gardner’s comment that bankruptcy filings won’t decrease anytime soon.

On Writing and Inspiration

Each new book I open has provided a goose-pimply sense of inspiration. I’ve chosen very intentionally which books to read this year, knowing they’ll help frame my journey and provide possibly much needed respite from reality.

A moment of inspiration strikes and I run to my room or search hurriedly though my bag for my lone mechanical pencil.

Inspiration is strange. Shashi Deshpande in Small Remedies writes about the awkwardness of moving into a families home for an extended stay, which is often how I feel at the hostel or while visiting a friend’s family. She says, “This is like my first few days in the hostel, when the thought of being with so many strangers was daunting, my loneliness emphasized by being in their midst.” Within the first few pages of her novel, I was hooked.

People often ask what inspired me to volunteer in India. What planted the idea? I think my mother is right; it began with our world map shower curtain. Pastel colors delineating each country, some of which were renamed and lines re-established in those years of my childhood. I remember being scared of Berlin after hearing about the wall coming down. Africa was a vast and confusing place, bigger than the United States but mysteriously powerless in my mind. India was not on my radar.

Freshman year of college I did a research project on the Indian and Pakistani population in Chicago, focusing my study on the Devon area, filled with restaurants, fabric stores and ornate jewelry shops. During one of my excursions, I bought a non-English Indian newspaper and was asked by the shop-keeper in honest, dumbfounded curiosity, “Are you Indian?” Maybe that was the moment for me. My strange moment of inspiration.

Now I’m in India and I experience strange moments daily. Waking up to the fusion of melodies that collide when the neighboring temples and churches all celebrate simultaneously. Smelling the next meal being cooked. Cinnamon colored sunsets and green, fruit-filled landscapes. The man who delivers curd by bike and the woman who cooks rice for the kids at the Lower Primary school in a tiny wooden hut over a huge pit of fire.

Inspiration comes as a mix, a masala containing beauty and harshness, pleasure and frustration.

Many of the women I live with are in the hostel because their houses and families were hurt by the Tsunami. The teachers at the LP school are from the poorest class in India, most are members of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) because they say, “that party supports the poor.” Recent rains flooded streets and homes. “Special Economic Zones” (SEZ) are being constructed on prime farmland, bought at a low price by companies from farmers deep in debt. Chikungunia hurts the poor children and senior citizens with already weak immune systems. Women can’t leave their homes after six in the evening. College students study what will afford them the best job rather than what they find interesting.

These are inspirations in a different way. These moments make me feel lucky to have a United States passport. I realize that being a citizen of a superpower affords more opportunities than I can list. But my “Western” world view is extraordinarily limited. India is teaching me about extremes: happiness and sadness, hunger and fulfillment, need and desire.

The other day as I read “The Hindu” newspaper, Ammamma said, “Hair is darker. You are becoming an Indian.” I stood up to eat lunch, spooning rice into my mouth with my fingers and slurping curd from the palm of my hand. I cannot believe that I am in India…

“Vendu”

I was bombarded with saree fabric choices and decisively picked out the muted rose colored material, silk fabric with gold-colored trim. I have no trouble saying, “vendu” (I don’t want it) to clothing (food is a different matter). Ammamma and Ambily voted for bright royal blue and teal. “Vendu!” They took me to the tailor to have my rose-colored blouse stitched. I waited a week and when it was ready, the show began! Ammamma was folding the pleats into the draped shawl while Ambily tucking the skirt. “Oh, you are veeeery short. I must tuck sooo much,” she direly announced. It took twenty minutes to tuck, pleat drape and pin. I didn’t know what to do, so I put my hands in the air and clapped whenever they did something that somehow made it look more like a saree than one huge piece of fabric. “Chirikuduka!” (Laughing girl) they called me and smiled when they saw my excitement. Previously I told Ammamma how I do not like when people call me “Madama,” the general title for any white foreigner (images of the missionary I fear or an authoritative, powdery old British woman come to mind). “Ishtamala,” I said and she laughed saying, “Chirikuduka, your nickname, is better.” I agree. They were finished and I looked in the mirror. The difference between a churidar and a saree is incredible. I felt like I should be doing something powerful with graceful confidence (like leading the Congress Party?).

After a day of walking I changed my mind. Graceful confidence turns to mush when you are stuck between a truck and a puddle in 9 feet of silk held together by pins. Churidars allow for freedom, and that wins over grace all the way. For my second shopping outing, I decided to get one less formal saree and another churidar. Sounds easy, does it not?

I visited Ambily’s home in Pala for the weekend. On Saturday we were taking a special road trip to Ernakulam for shopping. Ambily had just received her first paycheck in a year and had promised all the members of her family a special treat care of her. At the time, I did not know this was the goal of the day. We entered Saree Heaven. It was six stories of saree splendor; the world’s largest saree showroom, apparently. We quickly separated, Ambily, I could tell, had a mission to fulfill. I found the cheap saree rack and began digging, soon to find a salesperson at my elbow pulling from piles and showing me sarees. “Vendu,” I think I said it fifteen times until I looked at her and had to be honest, “I am very picky. I am a difficult customer. I am sorry.” She understood, smiled, but continued to throw sarees at me to my frustration. I knew what I wanted: Cheap price, good quality, unique pattern. She and I were not on the same wavelength. I finally found one I liked. “Venom” (I want this) and she seemed relieved. I then went to the churidar floor and things got worse. Another salesperson dragging out fabrics when I just wanted to browse in peace. I think I searched for an hour. Things were much more expensive than I had expected and I didn’t like the colors. After an hour with a salesperson, I felt awful saying, “Eh, no thanks” so I opted for a churidar that was out of my price range but very unique. Her relief could not be contained. She whisked me off to the cashier.

Two weeks later I have yet to get my new saree and churidar stitched. Maybe I am afraid of what unexpected debacle might occur. Maybe I do not want to open the bag and remember the day of shopping 9AM-5PM that got the better of me.

Thunder Storms and Sambar

I am sitting in a wicker chair in my room reading, “Globalization and its Discontents” and listening to the thunder of an impending storm. The rain will arrive, the power will go out, and people will either grow quiet and studious or become goofy and rambunctious. After the storm, the climate will cool, the still wet laundry in our rooms will smell mildewy and the power will return. The unpredictability of the storms lately fits well the mood of the last two weeks: tumultuous.

It started with a Students Federation of India (SFI), the communist political group, strike on-campus on the same day I had scheduled to interview the SFI leaders. The interview was cancelled; I knew when I heard flag-bearing SFI members chanting in a protest around campus. I saw a few SFI leaders take a padlock and lock the gate of the campus (the main and sole entrance and exit). I heard rumors of a “list of demands” and a “meeting with the principal.” Lunchtime arrived and the gate remained locked. I refused to miss my rice and sambar, so I marched myself to the gate. A familiar SFI face quickly opened the gate and let the American girl leave.

The next day I got the details. SFI demanded around twenty changes from the principal, most of which were reasonable and granted on the spot (a source of fresh water for students to drink on campus, for example). The gate was locked until the meeting adjourned around 2:30. The same day a teacher attempted suicide by drinking poison from one of the labs (not at all connected to SFI actions, it was a personal matter). The campus was buzzing.

My head started to hurt and my back ached, but there was so much to do! I left college early to meet one of the members of South East Asia Missions to help with the “Manna Mission,” which provides food for the people who can’t afford food during in-patient stays at a local government hospital. I arrived at the hostel and I was “five minutes too late,” Ammamma said. I was disappointed and frustrated. If I had arrived early, I would not have missed his phone call asking if I was still planning to come. I arrived on time, but by that time he assumed I was not coming. My head really began to hurt. I checked and realized I had a low fever, so I cancelled my afternoon activities and rested. By nightfall my fever was 101 degrees. The next morning it was 102.6 degrees. Off to the doctor I went, in a bumpy rickshaw no less. “Too much sun, “ some said, “too much walking,” others reprimanded. I think I was just sick and stressed. I received some magical medicines and returned to the doctor the next day feeling much better.

The next day, however, by night fall my head was in a bucket and my headache had returned full force. It was a mind-splitting, lights off, whispers only headache. Back to the doctor. “Too much sun,” “too much walking,” Ammamma and the students said. “Migraine,” I cried. “Gastrointestinal problems due to mango juice,” said the doctor. More medicine and my first buttocks injection.

Today I felt better. My headache is present and I am watching my food. The rice and sambar I had to escape to eat a few days ago doesn’t sound so good now. All of these events fall around Deepavali, the Festival of Lights. Somehow I was able to convince Ammamma to get fire-crackers and sparklers, a special treat for us at the hostel to celebrate. And even more miraculous, I was feeling fine on the night we set them off! My tumultuous two weeks, cushioned on both ends by a headache, fire-crackers in the center, ends with a thunderstorm.

The Simple Act of a Smile

I step out of the hostel’s black iron gate, the latch just within my short wing-span, and I imagine a joust beginning with a high pitched screech, “On Guard!” as I make my way cautiously. Dodging is an art form. The street may be empty when I step onto it, but within seconds two busses careening from either direction will come screaming towards me and I’m left in a ditch or a puddle. I’m an amateur. James Cameron in “An Indian Summer” describes a pro, “The solitary cyclist wobbling dreamily on the crown of the road 400 yards ahead, aroused by the horn, will falter and swerve for half a minute, undecided until the last second whether to weave wildly to the left or the right.” I remain baffled and impressed by anyone who can reach a state of “wobbling dreamily” on the roads of Mavelikara, but they do and they are the pros.

On my walk to the college I pass a neighbor’s house and wave wildly to an adorable little girl who seems to perpetually be waiting at her door for that moment, at least I like to think so. I cross the junction; the three intersecting roads are a danger zone to navigate. To the left is a bookstore, run by Vinasharam Sir, an ex-teacher of Hindi at the college. He speaks beautiful English but uses our few moments chatting to teach me Malayalam words. As I walk, gaggles of children clump together and giggle until someone says, “Hello Miss!” My response elicits shrieks of laughter and mini-tickle fests as they grope for each other’s hands. At first it was overwhelming, now it is fun. When else will I be able to so easily make people smile (even if it is at my expense)?

One afternoon I strolled past a temple on the way to the post office, pausing to listen to the women pray, and was approached by a woman who offered an explanation and walked with me for a bit. Our conversation was brief and conducted in choppy Malayalam, “What is your name?” I pronounced incorrectly. When I asked where she lives I very well may have asked how many monkeys live in Malaysia, but she understood and pointed, possibly to Malaysia. Further along I passed a small shack; puppies following their mother, a fire in the front area burning trash, two quasi-naked children chatting in Kidspeak (universal language) until they saw me and pointed in surprise. An ancient woman dressed in white smiled in response to my greeting, her only two teeth jutting out of her mouth precariously. She grabbed my arm and, gesturing emphatically, she explained the physics of flying and why the sky is blue, at least that is what I imagined. I simply pointed at the sky and said, “mazha” (rain) and she patted my arm with seeming pity. “Nadakunu” (walking) I said and she shrugged her shoulders as if to ask why. I returned the shrug, hoping to convey “why not?” and continued on my way with a smile and a “naani” (thank you). She laughed.

In the distance I heard evidence of a temple within reach. Drums and melody emanated from a speaker system, though from a distance it sounded like a lively band. I walked on and eventually passed a woman with a broom standing outside a house. She stared and I smiled, asking “Pali evide?” (Where’s the church?) She pointed, walked me to a path and waved goodbye. Another “naani” and a big smile. I followed the weaving path, surrounded on one side by smoking piles of burning trash and on the other a field of rubber trees being tapped. I never found the temple. My time ran out and I returned to the hostel before my curfew of 6:00PM, when the iron-gate with its barely reachable latch is locked.

Without these walks, I would never have discovered the small alleys that lead to beautiful rice-paddied country side. The village I call home quickly becomes flat and expansive; green palm trees and cinnamon soil glow in the heat and fade into deep orange with the suns disappearance. Dusk is glorious here. More importantly than missing a sun-drenched vista, I would have missed the conversations.

Father Chandler, the chaplain of the John Felice Rome Center where I worked the past two years said, probably while sharing with us a limoncello on the balcony, that life is made up of many meaningful conversations. At the end of the day it is not the work itself that was most important, it was the human interaction and the sense of community gained by sharing time with those around you; challenging each other and asking questions. “Look at us,” Peter says to the crippled beggar in Acts 3:4, a reminder to me of what I have in the past forgotten to do. It was easy for me to fall into a routine in Italy: study, work, eat, play, all the while forgetting to stop to talk to the man who fed the stray cats a can of tuna every day and the women who sang as they cleaned the building early every morning. I have been here only for a month and realized quickly that during my walks I return home content only if I have met new neighbors or recognized a smiling face. They acknowledged my presence and my humanity in that simple act of a smile. A powerful message and another “universal language.”

Enormous Elephant Ears

Upon my graduation from college I received many gifts. Cards, money, a party and a diploma that means more to me now than it did then. I also received a letter from my mother which, at the time, frustrated me in its formality. She congratulated me on my accomplishment and my young-womanhood and pronounced me independent financially. Today I was contemplating womanhood while shooting hoops on the hostels surprisingly impressive but sadly unused basketball court. I recalled receiving that letter and how I felt miffed at the necessity to declare me independent and the formality in which it was relayed, but I realized today that I feel lucky to have been granted that liberty. My mother never stopped supporting me emotionally, with indubitable patience considering how I scooted out of the country after graduation and have not yet officially returned. I do not feel completely independent; she offers more financial help than I expected and I am chagrined to admit that I have yet to do my own taxes. But that letter is physical evidence of the independence I have that the Indian women I have met do not.

On Saturday, September 23 the hostel hosted a special “Career-Counseling” Seminar. I sat in the front, feeling moderately self-conscious knowing that the seminar was in Malayalam and the lecturer was aware of my ignorance of the language. I soon realized that “Career-Counseling,” meant something quite different from what I expected. I will not recapitulate his entire lecture. Rather, I will tell you the responses of students when I asked later that evening after dinner, “What did you like best about the seminar today?”

Well, he explained to us that men stare at women because they have tunnel vision whereas we have peripheral vision, therefore they need to look longer at everything they see. He used sketches of the brain and the theory of an American doctor to show us that men think most about sex whereas women think about many other things, but he reiterated that sex is important in a marriage and a women should give up her body to her husband. He explained that the vast difference between men and women lies in women being relationship focused while men are achievement focused. He reminded us that women cannot be best friends with other women because women gossip and are jealous. American doctors have proven that if men shop for more than twenty minutes, they are likely to suffer a brain hemorrhage whereas women can shop for hours, this being proof of our patience. Women also talk more than men (“Consider it a positive thing,” he reassured the students). In fact, studies show that when men say 2,000 words, women say 7,000 (no specific time frame provided that of which I am aware). The young women laughed at his jokes and antics, they nodded at his theories and gulped up each graph he showed.

After reading authors like Silvia Plath, Susan Faludi and Bell Hooks, I wonder how to fit this experience into my growing understanding of womanhood in the year 2006. I struggled during that seminar, at points almost in tears of rage as he showed graphs and knowledgably quoted American doctors. All the while wondering, how dare I attempt to place my feminist beliefs in this cultural context? Yet how do I digest what I am experiencing now without comparison? How will I approach these young women, who will inevitably ask for my opinion?

I deflected.

“It was powerful. What did you think?” In asking that question I learned things that would have never come up in casual conversation with these young women. They admitted to feelings of fear about the future, fears that made me understand better why the lecturer’s words resonated for them. My opinion does not matter here (I will write them in my journal and close it at the end of the day). I allowed myself to ask two very specific and, admittedly, personal and difficult questions. “Does the idea of ‘giving your body to your husband’ upon marriage frighten you?” The young women said that they must trust their parents to find a good husband. They said that many women are married to men who treat them well and care for them. They did not necessarily feel frightened about that in particular, it is their duty. My second question was, “I heard you say you cannot go out after 6PM for fear of what men may do to you or what people will say about you walking around at night. If your safety relies on the actions of men, do you ask men to change?” The answer to this was jumbled. It reiterated what I have heard resoundingly from young women so far, “People might talk.” They seemed to feel that men cannot change, that it is better for women to stay inside for fear of their safety.

Coincidentally, a few days before this seminar, I had finished Elizabeth Bumiller’s “May You Be the Mother of a Hundred Sons,” a book published in 1990 that reflects on her interviews with hundreds of women in India during a stay of three years. In the last chapter, Bumiller writes, “I have learned that to write about women in India is to write about their problems of work, marriage, children, poverty and aging—problems that are not unique to India but are rooted in any society’s definition of womanhood…This book was my mission—to inform, to enlighten, and to prove that the women of India are more like us than they are not.”

Something I learned from performing in the The Vagina Monologues, from reading novels and the newspaper and from the OnCall program at Loyola is the importance of each person’s story. Maybe my feminist-self is best positioned with a closed yapper and elephant ears (which are enormous, I know this now!). I have the opportunity to get to know a cross-section of India’s women here in my new hostel of a home. Young women from all castes, educational backgrounds and financial situations are my neighbors. From them I can better understand the situation of India’s women, and even more importantly I will learn about their passions, visions and fears for the future.

I let my opinions rest in one statement at the end of our conversation, “I hope for each of you a loving husband who respects you.” The young women in the hostel will probably not receive from their parents the gift that I did, of independence, and my frustration for their situation will probably not cease. In the end, I think I understand better the idea of “accompaniment” now.

Searching for Social Justice

Today one of my favorite Lower Primary students (4th standard), Ashwati, came into the office with tears streaming down her face. She had a toothache. I had previously told Beena Miss, one of the teachers, that I wanted to visit the homes and meet the families of my students, so she invited me to join her to take Ashwati home in an auto-rickshaw. We drove off the main road and onto the tiny dirt path that winds through the Dalit colony. Her home is a few yards from the dirt path. A hut made with cement walls and a holey thatched roof that leaks in the rain. Three small rooms, beds everywhere to fit the entire family; Ashwati and her two sisters, her mother who is a heart patient and her grandmother who works as a cook for three families (I cannot fathom the time it must take to cook for three families). Ashwati told me once, “Father illa” (No Father), so I responded, “Njaan Father illa” (Me no Father). Ashwati’s father left her mother for another woman, my father passed away when I a bit younger than Ashwati.

Ashwati dances. She calls to me, “Miss! Miss!” takes my hand in hers and leads me to an open area of the school or to the shade of the one large tree in the schoolyard. She brings me a seat or points to a spot to sit and then she dances. The children soon form a circle around her, the boys pop their heads in and show off a bit (but no one can dance better than Ashwati) and the girls clap their hands and play with my hair. All of these children are Dalits. All of these children live in tiny cement homes with a roof that leaks and an outdoor latrine.

I am angry. I am angry about the bribe my friend feels obligated to pay to ensure she’ll receive future paychecks from the university burser. I am angry that some Christians feel evangelism is a necessary part of “serving” the community; a bowl of rice isn’t really free. I am angry that the elementary student with down syndrome will face years of abuse from his peers under the eyes of oblivious teachers; I am angry, more than anything else, because no one else seems to be.

I have taken people off-guard with my forcefully announced opinions, but in the past I have also sensed disappointment from others when I sat silent and unmoved. Passionate believes must simmer before they erupt. I am struggling with how I can teach my students about “leadership,” “vision,” and “social change,” themes throughout my high school and college learning that helped me in my path to self-actualization. I sense a lack of social duty on the part of many students with whom I speak. Their college experience is not one where they debate and discuss “burning issues,” rather they listen to lectures. They are not expected to critically analyze what they study, they are supposed to memorize it. Is it any surprise then, that that on Gandhi’s birthday, the college’s National Service Scheme (NSS) chose to clean the front lawn of the District Court instead of installing fans in the local Lower Primary school (though they did receive from the attorney’s a pretty plaque and “points” for their NSS team). When NSS ate a snack at the District Court, they left their paper plates strewn on the lawn to the left of the kitchen. Where is the thought connected to their intended service project? I was asked by one of the District Court judges if Americans have programs such as NSS, but his mind was already made up when he asked, “Americans do not do things like this, do they?”

My brother built houses in Appalacchia. My mother has the wisdom only possibly attained during a career as a social worker. My college mentor inspires young people to discover “where you true passion and the worlds deep hunger meet.” My pastor spent time working on a Southside Ministry in Madison, WI with a community forgotten by the self-heralded city of which it is a part. My previous boss teaches the first service-learning class at the John Felice Rome Center, where up to twenty-five Americans volunteer through out Rome, experiencing a Roman reality that all tourists obliviously miss. I am proud of the Americans I know who are doing service all around the globe.

My college students are pressured by their parents to study a topic that will earn them the best prospects. One student is studying a science but would much rather study Social Work; she said she must convince her parents to let her. My students define “leader,” as someone who is politically active, like Sonia Gandhi, but stared blankly when I asked in what ways they consider themselves to be leaders. They are never asked to consider that.

Ani DiFranco, the American folk singer, says it bluntly, “If you’re not angry, you’re just stupid, you don’t care.” Anger, maybe especially in the United States, is a red-hot “no-no.” Emotions that are associated with tension are repressed. Men shouldn’t cry and women who are angry are just being “hysterical”. But what drives hunger strikes? What impels hundreds of people from all backgrounds to march across the countryside for hours in protest until they reach the guarded site of the Narmada Dam, which will submerge their farmland and homes in water? I think it was anger; anger that encourages positive, constructive action. Anger that inspired change. Untapped anger undoubtedly can be a dangerous, explosive emotion. But let us not deny the positive power of the kernel of anger that allows us to act, to sing, to read, to write, to organize—in order to make change.

I am glad that I feel anger; if I was not angry about some of the injustice I witness each day, I would be horrendously oblivious to my surroundings and my neighbors. My anger, not violent, aggressive anger but rather anger based on my compassion for the injustice my neighbors face, fires my faith into action.

Reality Like a Rickshaw Ride

We hopped into a seven-person van and drove three hours south to the Christian Student Movement conference on Life, Faith and Education, watching the scenery change back and forth from hectic street-life to rice paddies. Thomas John “Achen” was asked to lead a day of the conference. We were looking forward to our first opportunity to engage with Indian college students. We knew Achen to be an engaging speaker and trusted it would be an invigorating, challenging day. The five of us spread out among the students at the conference, smiling as Achen was introduced, and listened patiently through the morning of Malayalam (of which we all knew about two words). Achen brought up the topic of globalization and asked us to break into small groups. We were asked to discuss globalization in our group. After much confusion and some semi-formal and awkward introductions, the discussion in my group began as all eyes fell on me and one of the students asked, in beautiful English, “What do you think about the issue of globalization?”
Two issues at the forefront of Kerala’s politics are the current and recent ban in Kerala of Cola-Cola, which includes an on-going dispute over the factory use and contamination of water as well as the health alerts against the product itself. The second issue is the number of farmers committing suicide due to excessive loans and a lack of support on many levels from the Indian government. What can I, an American who just arrived in India, say to a group of Indian students? They began to list examples in Malayalam and translated a few for me, a humbling project in many respects. I was thrown in the pot much sooner than I had anticipated.

Anticipation is a dangerous thing. My image of India was based mainly on stimulating, color photos and the India Standard Buffet on Belmont in Chicago, as well as some delicious novels and museum exhibitions. Alain de Botton in “The Art of Travel” said of anticipation, “…those eyes were intimately tied to a body and mind that would travel with me wherever I went and that might, over time, assert their presence in ways that would threaten or even negate the purpose of what the eyes had come there to see.” It was at the conference that I realized my need to set aside all images I had of India previously in order to leave some blank space to be filled. I am here to learn: from my supervisors, from the women who concoct every curried meal I eat, from Mrs Lelamma my Malayalam tutor, and from my elementary-aged and college-aged students.

Botton says, “Journeys are the midwives of thought.” I already recognize, in the short time I’ve been here, that my mind is processing the world around me in a new way. Questions arise that I would have never asked in other circumstances. I have changed my lifestyle to best engross myself in Indian culture. My interpretation of books is through a newly forming lens. I struggle with aspects of my American lifestyle, something I can never completely leave behind, as I learn what I have taken for granted (much more than I realized).

My day is scheduled around four main events: breakfast (curry), lunch (curry), tea and dinner (curry). All consumed in haste and with only quiet chatter between juicy bites. I feel ridiculous when my stomach grumbles before dinner, realizing that after the meal I will have to stand up with difficulty to wash my tasty fingers. Surplus is causing a bigger struggle for me than I anticipated. I packed too much (two carry-on sized pieces filled with three outfits and books). I eat seconds and sometimes thirds of rice-based meals. The rupee is half the worth of the dollar. I have a very expensive plane ticket home hiding in my sturdy suitcase. I am a walking symbol of abundance. How do I lead a simple life while I remain entrenched by the surplus I thought I had left? How will I lead a simple life when I return to the U.S.?

“Living simply is not enough,” Achen challenges us. One must act. Don’t allow your surplus to just “trickle-down” (that sentiment was reiterated in a political cartoon in a recent copy of The Hindu, a national English newspaper). Act. Engage in change. “Be the change,” as Andy quotes, one of the volunteers who is notably articulate and concise. The question remains for me, what can I Do here in India?

During the Global Missions training in Chicago from August 19-29, Isaiah 42:20 was mentioned by Rev. Rafael Malpica-Padilla. “He sees many things, but does no observe them; his ears are open but he does not hear.” I am no expert. In my vulnerability I am able to learn best. I may not be able to necessarily act on the frustrations that confront me; I will not change the world. I can attempt to engage the students I am learning from, helping them to learn English as I learn from what they are articulating. One of the teachers at Bishop Moore reminded me that in India it is very difficult for young people to find jobs (as it was in Italy as well). Knowing English enables mobility, allowing a person from Kerala who speaks Malayalam to move to another state in India where a different language is recognized and dialects abound. The difficult part will not be the teaching, it will be the vulnerability.

My pre-trip butterflies have been replaced with double-boiled rice and payasam, as my previously anticipated images are being replaced with reality like a rickshaw ride (speedily and haphazardly). Creating an empty space is a conscious part of every day, so that I may best “observe and hear” the people from whom I am learning.

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Traveling Without a Map

I was scared to move from the second grade to the third grade. Not scared because of new teachers and harder subjects. I was scared because the third grade classrooms were located in a different hallway. A hallway I had never ventured in previously. I didn’t know what older-kid ghoulies and ghosties were lurking in the corners of the big-kid wing. My elementary school had two main hallways. Looking back on it now, it was probably the most easy transition life offers. But I wanted a map. So, my mom and my pastor sat down patiently with me and they created a 2-hallway map of my school. I made it, map-in-hand, and now I’m looking at another map and a new transition.

Folders upon notebooks of information cannot help prepare me emotionally and mentally for my move to India. I feel excited and, as each day passes, increasingly filled with tummy butterflies. The difficulty I find in answering the universal question, “How are you preparing for a year in India,” may be indicative of the growing swarm of fluttering friends in my stomach.

I think about what it will be like to return to the States.

I returned to the U.S. after two years working in Rome, Italy on the first of August. As I ate my first meal upon returning to the states, a mushroom-swiss burger at Michael’s Frozen Custard, I was still registering that the Capitolo Italia of my life was over. I’ve found myself overwhelmed with little things: the uninhibited nature noises in the backyard, the amount of clothing in my storage bins, the novelty of taking a shower in a private bathroom as opposed to a communal bathroom full of students. I realize that I will do this all over again when I return from India and it will be completely different than the adjustments I am laughing through now.

I read.

Nothing eases my mind in a time of transition like the opening up a book I’m halfway through, the comfort-zone where the end isn’t yet in sight and the beginning introductions are long behind. In Gita Mehta’s book, Snakes and Ladders, she quotes a passage Mark Twain wrote during his nineteenth century visit to India:

The land of dreams and romance, of fabulous wealth and fabulous poverty, of splendor and rags, of palaces and hovels, of famine and pestilence, of genii and giants and Aladdin lamps, of tigers and elephants, the cobra and the jungle, the country of a hundred nations and a hundred tongues, of a thousand religions and two millions gods, cradle of the human race, birthplace of human speech, mother of history, grandmother of legend, great-grandmother of tradition, whose yesterdays bear date with the moldering antiquities of the rest of the nations—the sole country under the sun that is endowed with imperishable interest for alien prince and alien peasant, for lettered and ignorant, wise and food, rich and poor, bond and free, the one land all men desire to see, and having seen once, by even a glimpse, would not give that glimpse for shows of all the rest of the globe combined.

People talk about India being a Sensory-Overload Experience: thefood thesmells thenoises thepeople themovement. It assails you when you are least prepared. Just as Mark Twain describes the juxtaposition of opposites that he found during his travels, I hope to entrench myself in the complexity of the culture and leave with a special understanding after my time in India – a gift for any traveler and global citizen. Maybe the best way to prepare myself for this year is to be ready to be unprepared, to come without expectations. A lesson in patience and willingness to be taught by those around me.

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